1型糖尿病患儿肠道菌群研究进展

Progress of gut microbiota in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

1型糖尿病(type 1 diabetes,T1DM)的发病率在全球呈显著上升趋势,并已成为一项重大的公共卫生问题.目前认为T1DM的发生与遗传易感性、免疫及环境等多种因素有关,然而,具体的病因及确切的机制仍未完全阐释清楚.近年来,随着对肠道微生态的认识及研究,肠道菌群的组成或功能异常会导致多种疾病的发生,如胃肠道疾病、肥胖症、心血管疾病、多发性硬化、类风湿关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、2型糖尿病等.而已有研究证据显示,肠道菌群紊乱和T1 DM的发病相关,在T1DM儿童中,肠道菌群生态失衡,并且与健康儿童肠道菌群比较存在差异.但是,目前对于儿童糖尿病肠道菌群的分析研究较少.该文将对T1DM儿童肠道菌群研究进展进行综述.

The incidence of type 1 diabetes(T1DM)has increased significantly worldwide and has become a major public health problem.At present,it is believed that the occurrence of T1DM is related to various factors such as genetic susceptibility,immunity and environment,but the specific cause and exact mechanism are still not fully explained.In recent years,with the understanding and research of gut micro-ecology,abnormalities in the composition or functionality of gut microbiota lead to a variety of diseases,for instance,gastrointestinal diseases,obesity,cardiovascular disease,multiple sclerosis,rheumatoid arthritis,systemic lupus erythematosus,type 2 diabetes and so on.Yet there are evidences indicating that an imbalance of gut microbiota is associated with the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus,and in the T1DM children,the ecology of gut microbiota is different from healthy children.However,there are few studies on the gut microbiota in children with diabetes.This article will review the progress of gut microbiota of children with type 1 diabetes.