马克思主义的公民社会理论及其现实意义

Marxist Civil Society Theory and Its Practical Significance

马克思主义的公民社会理论是在批判黑格尔的市民社会观基础上发展起来的。马克思指出政治革命是市民社会的革命,他强调新唯物主义的立脚点是人类社会或社会的人类。恩格斯则设想无产阶级革命建立民主的国家制度后,措施之一是建筑作为公民公社的公共住宅,公民公社将从事工业和农业生产。马克思还揭示现实资本主义社会的发展所创造的物质条件将为更高级的共产主义社会奠定基础。马克思主义的公民社会理论,与中国的社会主义革命、建设与改革有密切的关系,是新时代中国特色社会主义相关理论的基础,也是全球范围内文明国家构建人类社会的理论基础。

Marxist civil society theory is developed on the basis of criticizing Hegel’s view of civil society. Marx pointed out that political revolution was a revolution of civil society and stressed that the foothold of new materialism was human society or humanity in society. Engels envisioned that after the proletarian revolution established a democratic state system, one of the measures was to build a public house as a civic commune, which would engage in industrial and agricultural production. Marx also revealed that the material conditions created by the development of realistic capitalist society laid the foundation for a higher-level communist society. Marxist theory of civil society, closely related to China’s socialist revolution, construction and reform, is the theoretical basis of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and it is also the theoretical basis of building human society in civilized countries around the world.