澳大利亚中学科学教师职前培养模式研究

Study of the Pattern of Australian Pre-service Science Teachers’Education

文章解读了澳大利亚科学教师标准,分析了西澳大学与莫纳什大学科学教育专业培养方案,其特点包括双学位制度及多样的选课模式,多主体监管下的分期教学实践,信息技术与科学教育的整合,尊重文化与背景的差异。文章分析了西澳大学科学教学论教学大纲,其特点包括课程目标设计紧扣教师标准,国家科学课程主线贯穿科学PCK体系,学习性评价以任务为驱动,聚焦教学把控和教育研究能力。立足我国已有研究,文章为我国科学教师教育提出建议,包括加快出台全面的科学教师标准,完善资格审查制度;突出STEM元素与探究技能在课程结构中的体现;科学类与科学教育类学生培养模式互补。

This paper has interpreted Australian teacher standard,demonstrated the pre-service science teacher training program of The University of Western Australia and Monash University and has found their characteristics including the double degree system and multiple course selection pattern,phased practice under multi-subject supervision,the integration of ICT and science education,and the respect of cultural and contextual differences.The analysis of the syllabus of science pedagogy in the University of Western Australia has showed a closed relationship between curriculum objectives and professional teacher standards,the integration between PCK and the Australian curriculum strands,and task-based learning assessment of focused teaching control and educational research ability.Comparing with the existing research of Chinese pre-service science teachers education,this paper has proposed some suggestions including acceleration of the promulgation of the comprehensive standards for science teachers and improved the register system’s qualification;promoting the partnership among universities,schools and industries;promoting the integration of STEM online resources;highlighting the STEM elements and exploring skills in course structure;complementing the cultivation patterns of science degrees and science education degrees.