基于空间句法的岭南庭园空间及“垂直性”分析

Analysis on Space and Verticality of Lingnan Courtyard Based on Space Syntax

岭南庭园因气候、占地规模等原因,呈现出向"垂直"方向伸展的趋势,这种特点和现代城市空间纵向发展有着密切联系。对岭南庭园空间及其垂直性的研究,有利于传统园林发展与现代人居方式的有机结合。将空间句法理论引入岭南庭园的分析中,以可园为例,借助Depthmap软件,建立可园的可行层与可视层模型,计算连接度、整合度两个指标,对可园的空间特征进行分析。研究表明,空间句法有助于进一步把握岭南庭园的空间布局特色,较之江南园林,岭南庭园因其围合边界的单一层次性所受局限更少;岭南庭园的垂直性并非简单的二层建筑,其是地面延续和空间序列的一环,亦是借景体系构建的一部分。

Lingnan courtyard shows a trend of "vertical" extension due to climate and land occupation scale, which is closely related to the vertical development of modern urban space. The study of Lingnan courtyard space and its verticality is beneficial to the organic combination of traditional garden development and modern human settlements. This paper introduces the theory of space syntax into the analysis of Lingnan Courtyard and takes Keyuan as an example. With the help of Depthmap software, a feasible layer model and a visible layer model of Keyuan are established, and two indexes of connectivity and integration are calculated to analyze the spatial characteristics of Keyuan. The results show that space syntax is helpful to further grasp the spatial layout characteristics of Lingnan courtyard. Compared with Jiangnan Garden, Lingnan courtyard suffers less limitation due to its single level of enclosing boundary. The verticality of Lingnan courtyard is not a simple two-story building, but a link of ground continuity and space sequence, and also a part of the construction of borrowed landscape system.