自由、人的本质与人道主义--论“社会主义的人道主义者”对马克思伦理观的解读

Freedom,Human Essence and Humanism——On the Interpretation of Marx’s Concept of Ethics in Socialist Humanism

“社会主义人道主义”作为一个流派在西方马克思主义思想史上占据着重要地位。其中的众多学者从人道主义的角度阐发了对马克思思想中关于自由和人的本质的理解。而他们对马克思早期思想中的人道主义和后来的唯物主义关系的解读更彰显了马克思伦理观的独特性。尽管这些解读并没有提供符合马克思原意的解决方法,但人道主义与唯物主义的关系问题确实成为我们今天研究马克思的伦理观不可回避的重大问题。

The socialist humanists played important poles in the history of Western Marxism thoughts.Among them,quite a few expressed their viewpoints on understanding freedom and human essence in Marx’s writings.Moreover,their interpretations on the relation between Marx’s early humanism and his later materialism show us the specific character in Marx’s conception of ethics.It is a pity that their interpretations did not give us a satisfying way of solving the aforementioned conflicting relation,however,it is significant for them to raise the question which is vital and unavoidable to those who are interested in Marx’s conception of ethics nowadays.