大麦虫蛹日龄对花绒寄甲发育历期及成虫适合度的影响

Effects of Host Day-old on The Developmental Duration and Adult Fitness of Dstarcus helophoroides

大麦虫Tenebrio molitor蛹是繁育花绒寄甲Dstarcus helophoroides重要的替代寄主。通过建立"花绒寄甲幼虫-大麦虫蛹"寄生系统,测定花绒寄甲幼虫在1~7 d日龄大麦虫蛹上发育历期的变化及羽化成虫的体长、体宽、单头重、总重等指标,分析大麦虫蛹日龄对花绒寄甲发育历期及成虫适合度的影响。结果表明:大麦虫蛹日龄的增加显著延长了花绒寄甲的幼虫期,对结茧率的影响差异不显著。大麦虫蛹日龄超过4 d时,花绒寄甲的茧期显著降低,成虫羽化率显著增加。大麦虫蛹日龄对花绒寄甲成虫的羽化数量无显著影响,但明显降低了花绒寄甲成虫的体长、体宽、单重和总重。大麦虫蛹日龄的增加减缓了花绒寄甲幼虫的发育,降低了羽化成虫的适合度。为指导用大麦虫蛹繁育花绒寄甲的接种时间提供依据。

The development duration and fitness of emerged adults of Dstarcus helophoroides among various day-old hosts were determined in the parasitic system of " larvae of D. helophoroides-pupas of Tenebrio molitor ", to analyze the influences of increasing host age on the development performance of D. helophoroides. Larval periods of D. helophoroides were prolonged with the host day-old increasing while cocooning rate was not significantly affected. When the hosts were more than four day-old, the cocoon periods of D. helophoroides decreased significantly, but the emergence rates of adults increased obviously. The host day-old had no significant effect on the numbers of emerged adults, but the body length, body width, single weight and total weight of adults reduced significantly. The increasing host day-old slowed down the development of D. helophoroides larvae and reduced the fitness of their adults.