从《花间集》和《绝妙好词》看闺情词的流变

The Evolution of Boudoir Poems from Poems among the Flowers and the Wonderful Ci

闺情类题材是词中的一个重要组成部分,近几年学者在研究此类题材时未能将其做一个严格的界定。根据文献中有关"闺情"的记载,在厘清"闺情词"的范畴基础上对比《花间集》与《绝妙好词》两本词集中的闺情词,可以大致勾勒闺情词由晚唐五代发展至南宋末的变化,主要体现在三方面:一是闺情词境逐渐拓宽;二是辞藻由浓丽逐渐转为清淡;三是词格由"俗"逐渐变"雅"。而靖康之难、歌妓与文人之间的关系以及南宋词坛的"复雅"倾向是造成以上三个变化的主要原因。

With the rise and development of ci,the traditional theme of"boudoir love"has been brought into the style,from which there evolved a boudoir word.By comparing the boudoir ci in Poems among the Flowers and Wonderful Ci,we can see that boudoir ci developed from the late Tang and the five dynasties to the end of the Southern Song dynasty,taking on a new look,broadening the traditional boudoir ci environment,and changing its character from"vulgar"to"elegant".The reasons for these changes are mainly reflected in the expansion of the subject matter of ci and the influence brought about by the Jingkang Incident,the change of the relationship between Gewhi and literati in the Tang and Song dynasties,and the influence of"re-elegance"in the poetry circle of the Southern Song dynasty.