2010-2018年郑州市突发公共卫生事件特征分析

Analysis on epidemic characteristic of public health emergencies in Zhengzhou from 2010 to 2018

目的通过对郑州市突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特征进行分析,掌握突发公共卫生疫情发生的处置规范,为开展传染病防治工作提供科学的依据。方法收集整理国家突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统中2010-2018郑州市突发公共卫生事件网络直报数据,应用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果2010-2018年,郑州市共报告突发公共卫生事件19起,累计报告发病人数297例,死亡人数4例。报告事件以传染病事件(15起,占78.95%)为主,涉及疾病主要有流行性腮腺炎(3起)、人感染H7N9禽流感(3起)、流行性感冒(2起)、其他感染性腹泻病(1起)、手足口病(1起)、水痘(3起)、霍乱(1起)、寨卡病毒病(1起);中毒类突发事件(4起,占21.05%),包括食物中毒(3起)、急性职业中毒(1起)。一般事件占57.89%(11起),未分级占31.57%(6起),较大事件占10.52%(2起)。发生场所最多的是学校(10起,52.63%)。结论郑州市突发公共卫生事件以传染病疫情和食物中毒事件为主,小学和幼托机构是突发公共卫生事件发生的最主要场所。主要以呼吸道和肠道传染病为主;应加强预防控制工作。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies of infectious.Diseases in Zhengzhou,and to provide evidence for the preparedness and response for emergent public health events.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was utilized to analysis the data of public health emergencies in Zhengzhou city from 2010 to 2018,which was collected from Public Health Emergencies Reporting and Management System.Results A total of 15 public health emergencies were reported in Zhengzhou city from 2010 to 2018,which caused 297 cases of patients and 4 deaths in total.The reported events were mainly infectious diseases(15events,78.95%),diseases involving epidemic parotitis(3 events),human infection with H7N9 avian influenza(3 events),influenza(2 events),other infectious diarrhea diseases(1 event),hand-foot-and-mouth disease(1 event),chicken pox(3 event),cholera(1 event),stockade virus disease(1 event).Poisoning emergencies(4 events,21.05%),including food poisoning(3 events),acute occupational poisoning(1 case).Most of the emergencies were general events(57.89%),31.57%were unassorted events and 10.50%were large events.A total of 10 public health emergencies were reported in schools(accounting for 52.63%),Respiratory and intestinal diseases were the major types of emergencies.Conclusions The public health emergency events in Zhengzhou City mainly include infectious diseases and food poisoning.And mainly occurrence in childhood care centers and primary schools,and respiratory and intestinal diseases were the major types of emergencies Infectious disease prevention and control should be strengthened.