香蕉细菌性软腐病防治药剂筛选试验

Selection of Bactericides for Controlling Bacterial Soft Rot of Banana

【目的】筛选防治香蕉细菌软腐病的防治药剂。【方法】应用最小抑制浓度法、离体叶片法和盆栽试验研究不同药剂对香蕉细菌性软腐病的防治效果。【结果】硫酸链霉素、青霉素钾和中生菌素对病菌的抑制能力较强,最小抑制浓度分别为0.2、3.12、6.25μg/mL;而王铜(氧氯化铜)和噻菌铜对病菌的抑制能力较弱,最小抑制浓度分别为200、400μg/mL。离体叶片法测定结果表明,王铜、噻菌铜和硫酸链霉素对病害防治效果最好,有效成分为400μg/mL时,防治效果可达97.67%、96.34%和95.12%。在盆栽试验中,先接种病菌再淋施药物,30%王铜悬浮剂600倍液和20%噻菌铜悬浮剂500倍液对香蕉细菌性软腐病的防治效果较好,药后12 d,盆栽防治效果分别为79.37%和80.15%;先施药再接种病原菌药后12 d,30%王铜悬浮剂和20%噻菌铜悬浮剂对香蕉细菌性软腐病的防治效果为87.01%和89.23%。【结论】王铜和噻菌铜可作为香蕉细菌性软腐病的防治药剂。

【Objective】The study was to screen bactericides for controlling soft rot of banana.【Method】The minimal inhibit concentration,detached leaves and pot experiments were adopted to study the control effects of different bactericides on soft rot of banana.【Result】Streptomycin sulfate,benzylpenicillin potassium and zhongshengmycin had strong inhibitory capacity,with minimal inhibitory concentrations of 0.2μg/mL,3.12μg/mlL and 6.25μg/mL,respectively.But copper oxychloride and thiodiazole copper had low toxicity to the bacteria,with the minimal inhibitory concentrations of 200μg/mL and 400μg/mL,respectively.According to the determination results of detached leaf method,the control effects of 400μg/mL copper oxychloride,thiodiazole-copper and streptomycin sulfate were the best,with control rates of 97.67%,96.34% and 95.12%,respectively.When copper oxychloride and thiodiazole copper were sprayed after being inoculated with pathogen in pot experiments,the control effects of 30% copper oxychloride SC 600 times solution and 20%thiodiazole-copper SC 500 times solution were optimal,with control rates of 79.37% and 80.15% on the 12th day after spraying.While the two bactericides were sprayed before being inoculated with pathogen in pot experiments,the control effects of 30%copper oxychloride SC 600 times solution and 20%thiodiazole copper SC 500 times solution were 87.01%and 89.23%on the 12th day after spraying.【Conclusion】Copper oxychloride and thiodiazole copper could be recommended as green bactericides in controlling soft rot of banana.