欧洲福利制度下的工会危机

The Labour Union Crisis under European Welfare System

战后欧洲工会的发展始终围绕着建设福利国家这一核心问题。工会遵循自由、民主、妥协等原则,借助集体谈判和三方合作制进行博弈,采取多重手段行使结构性和联系性两大权力。在推动福利制度建立和完善的过程中,欧洲工会也受到福利框架的重塑,由分散走向联合。根据竞争性、团结性和干预力强弱,欧洲工会可分为北欧模式、英国模式、南欧模式和欧陆模式。在全球化和新自由主义攻势下,工会和福利国家普遍面临新社会风险等挑战。从本质上看,欧洲工会始终存在身份和意识危机,反映了西方工会制和资本主义福利制度的深层矛盾。

After the war,the development of European labour union always revolves around the core issue of building welfare states.The labour union follows the principles of freedom,democracy and compromise,uses collective negotiation and triangular cooperation systems for contention,and adopts multiple means to exercise the structure power and relation power.In the process of promoting the establishment and improvement of welfare systems,European labour unions are also reshaped by the welfare framework,from decentralization to unification.According to different competitiveness,unity and intervention,the European labour unions can be divided into four models:the Nordic model,the British model,the Southern European model and the Continental model.Under the shock of globalization and Neo-Liberalism,the labour unions and welfare states universally face challenges such as new social risks and so on.In essence,European labour unions always have identity and consciousness crisis,which reflects the deep contradiction in Western labour union system and capitalist welfare system.