贸易便利化视角下我国口岸通关协同绩效区域差异研究——基于长三角、珠三角和环渤海三大经济圈的实证分析

Research on Port Clearance Collaborative Performance's Differences in Regions under Trade Facilitation Perspective——Based on the Analysis of Yangtze Delta,Zhujiang Delta and Bohai Rim Economic Circle

建设高效、有序的口岸通关环境,是构建对外开放新格局的前提条件,有利于实现经济全球化和贸易自由化。本文基于贸易便利化视角,着眼于通关时效的提升,构建了交叉效率DEA—Malmquist指数—Co-plot三步法的口岸通关协同绩效评价模型,对2014~2016年我国三大经济圈主要口岸的通关协同绩效区域差异进行了实证分析。结果表明:无论在何种通关模式下,长三角经济圈口岸通关协同绩效效率水平均高于珠三角、环渤海;我国三大经济圈口岸通关协同绩效整体发展均呈现上升趋势,其中,在进口-空运模式下环渤海经济圈口岸通关协同绩效的Malmquist指数最低;基于投入规模的分组为我国三大经济圈口岸通关协同发展提供了改进方向。在此基础上,从口岸改革目标、口岸治理结构、口岸规划布局三方面提出了促进我国口岸通关协同发展的对策建议。

The construction of an efficient and orderly port clearance environment is a prerequisite for building a new pattern of opening-up, which is conducive to realizing economic globalization and trade liberalization. Based on the view of trade facilitation, this paper pays an important attention on the clearance efficiency and constructs the port clearance collaborative performance model of the cross-efficiency DEA-Malmquist Index-Co-plot method. And it makes the analysis on the port clearance collaborative performance of the three economic circle ports from 2014 to 2016. The results show that no matter which clearance pattern, the port collaborative performance in Yangtze Delta is better than the performance in Zhujiang Delta and Bohai Rim;and there is a increasing trend for the overall port collaborative performance in the three economic circles from 2014 to 2016;and the Malmquist index of port clearance performance in Bohai Rim is the worst for the importedair pattern. The classification based on the input scale takes advantage of the improvement on the port clearance collaborative development. On the basis, the paper puts forward some suggestions on how to promote the port clearance collaborative development from the three aspects of port reform target, port governance structure and port planning layout.