中国西南地区不同类型生态系统服务的关系

Relationships among different types of ecosystem service in Southwest China

明晰不同类型生态系统服务之间关系是优化生态保护策略和实现可持续生态管理的基础。在明确中国西南地区各类生态系统服务功能和空间格局的基础上,运用统计分析原理、ArcGIS技术和GeoDa软件分析了水源涵养、土壤保持、固碳、生物多样性保护、水质净化5项调节服务,以及水稻生产、小麦生产、玉米生产、蔬菜生产、水果生产5项供给服务之间的权衡和协同关系,并通过叠置分析识别生态系统服务共赢区域,探讨生态系统类型对共赢格局的影响。结果表明:西南地区各类调节服务之间、各类供给服务之间主要呈协同关系,而调节服务与供给服务之间既有协同关系也有权衡关系;西南地区生态系统服务总共赢格局的高共赢区域主要分布在邛崃山、哀牢山和大瑶山以及怒江、澜沧江流域等地区;森林和农田面积比例对各类共赢趋势均有显著影响。

Understanding the relationships among different ecosystem services is the basis for optimizing ecological protection strategy and achieving sustainable ecological management.Based on the ecosystem services and their spatial patterns in Southwest China,we analyzed tradeoffs and synergies of five ecosystem regulation services(water retention,soil retention,carbon sequestration,biodiversity conservation,and water purification)and five provision services(rice production,wheat production,corn production,vegetable production,and fruit production)using statistical analysis,ArcGIS technology and GeoDa software.Further,we identified the win-win areas of ecosystem servi-ces through overlay analysis,and discussing the influence of ecosystem types on win-win pattern.There were synergistic relationships among different types of regulation or provision services in Southwest China,while there were both synergies and trade-offs between regulation and provision services.The high win-win areas of the total ecosystem services in Southwest China were mainly distributed in Qionglai Mountains,Ailao Mountains,Dayao Mountains,as well as Lujiang River and Lancang River basins.The proportion of forest and farmland areas significantly affected all kinds of win-win trend.