日本高放废液玻璃固化技术

Vitrification technologies of high level radioactive liquid waste in Japan

本文介绍了日本东海后处理厂和六所村后处理厂的玻璃固化设施和运行情况,以及针对当前玻璃固化中出现的熔炉底部出料口堵塞、乏燃料储存池泄露等问题,日本在固化设施、运行方式、原料组分等方面采取的措施。在未来的研究计划中,日本将侧重于低放废物玻璃固化研究的标准制定,冷坩埚以及等离子体固化等先进技术的研发,同时加强配方研究及先进工艺流程的开发,从而实现玻璃固化的减容性和经济性,其经验和教训对我国玻璃固化的发展有重要的借鉴意义。

This paper mainly introduces the vitrification facilities and operation of reprocessing plants in Tokai and Rokkasho,as well as the improvement measures taken in Japan in terms of vitrification facilities,operation methods and raw material components in solving the problems like blockage of outlet at bottom of furnace,and leakage of spent fuel storage pool during the current vitrification process. In future research projects,Japan will focus on developing standards for low level radioactive waste vitrification and developing advanced technologies such as cold crucible and plasma vitrification. In the same time,Japan will strengthen the research on formulas and advanced processes to achieve the capacity reduction and economy of vitrification. Japan’s experience and lessons learned are of great significance to the development of vitrification in China.