水稻苗期耐冷性差异的转录组分析

Transcrip tomes Analysis of the Cold Tolerance Difference of Rice Seedlings

低温冷害是影响作物生长发育的重要环境因素之一。鉴定水稻耐冷新基因以及揭示其可能的机制并应用于新种质创制和新品种选育,是提高水稻耐冷性的重要途径之一。本研究以日本晴(Nip)为对照,对耐冷品种P427的表型和扫描电镜表皮组织观察,显示P427具有更强的苗期耐冷性。进而对低温处理后的水稻幼苗转录组进行测序,结果显示P427与Nip共有12056个差异表达基因(DEGs),P427独有2984个DEGs。对DEGs进行Pathway显著性富集分析发现,P427和Nip共有的DEGs主要富集在代谢途径、次生代谢物的生物合成等途径。而P427独有的DEGs主要集中在泛素介导的蛋白水解、内质网中的蛋白质加工、植物激素信号转导等途径。结果暗示激素信号转导、苯丙氨酸代谢通路、光合作用、次生代谢生物合成等途径可能在水稻苗期冷胁迫响应中起主导作用。植物对低温的响应是涉及多个基因和多个信号传导途径的复杂过程,本研究扩展了对植物低温冷害耐受性的复杂机制的理解,为今后开展水稻和其他谷类作物的耐冷性研究提供了理论依据。

Chilling damage is one of the important environmental factors affecting crop growth and development.It is one of the important ways to improve the cold tolerance of rice.Identification of novel cold-tolerant genes in rice and revealing possible mechanisms,apply it to create new germplasm and breed new varieties.This study used Nipponbare(Nip)as a control to identify the phenotype of cold-tolerant variety P427 and the scanning electron microscopy epidermal tissue.The results showed that P427 had stronger cold tolerance at seedling stage.In addition,the transcriptome of rice seedlings after low temperature treatment was sequenced.The results showed that P427 and Nip had 12056 common differentially expressed genes(DEGs).The P427 has 2984 unique DEGs.P athway significant enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed that common DEGs of P427 and Nip were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.The unique DEGs of P427 are mainly concentrated in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis,protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum,and plant hormone signal transduction.The results suggest that these pathways may play a leading role in the cold stress response of rice seedlings,Hormone signal transduction,phenylalanine metabolic pathway,photosynthesis,secondary metabolic biosynthesis,etc.The response of plants to low temperatures is a complex process involving multiple genes and multiple signaling pathways.This study extends the understanding of the complex mechanisms of plant tolerance to cold tolerance.It provides a theoretical basis for future research on cold tolerance of rice and other cereal crops.