突现的意会场境存在——波兰尼《意会向度》解读

The Break-out Being of Tacit Situating--An Interpretation of Polanyi’s The Tacit Dimension

人与外部世界的关系和人与人的关系,是我们观察和认知世界最基本的两个维度,在这两方面,波兰尼都将意会内居设定为前提和基础。意会哲学可以涵盖作为个人知识的科学研究、面容的瞬间意会辨识、作为人的身体义肢的工具意会使用,以及复杂的语言和多层次话语意会机制。同时,我们在面对世界时,可以发现事物和现象存在的不同意会认知层级,这些异质性意会行为和认知结构,决定了人的复杂生命表现,特别是在较高层级的生活构序中突现出全新的生存场境。

The relationship between people and the outside world and the relationship between people are the two most basic dimensions of our observation and cognition of the world. In both respects, Polanyi has set the tacit dwelling-in as the premise and foundation. The philosophy of tacit would cover the scientific research of personal knowledge, the instantaneous tacit recognition of faces, the tacit use of a tool as human bodily prosthesis, and the tacit mechanism of complex language and multilevel discourse. At the same time, when we face the world, we can find different tacit cognitive levels of things and phenomenal being. These heterogeneous tacit behaviors and cognitive structures determine the complex performance of human’s life, especially in the higher-level order of life, a new living situation will break out.