土壤释放大气活性含氮物种的研究进展

Research Progress on Active Nitrogenous Species Released by Soil

土壤是大气活性含氮化合物(N2O、NOx、HONO和NH3)的重要来源。这些含氮物种释放到大气中与一次污染物发生反应,对大气氧化性和污染物的生消起到重要作用。土壤释放这些大气活性含氮物种涉及生物、化学、物理等多个过程,这些过程的反应物和反应产物之间又存在复杂的相互作用。土壤的理化性质如土壤酸碱度、湿度、含水量等对这些含氮物种的释放量有重要影响。目前在量化上述活性含氮物种以及模拟评估土壤释放过程对空气质量的影响方面存在不足。本文概括了目前国际上有关土壤释放上述活性含氮物种的机制和影响因素的研究现状,指出未来的研究需要进一步完善土壤释放活性含氮物种的关键微观机理,揭示土壤释放过程对大气污染的影响机制,以期为提高空气质量提供科学指导。

Soil is an important source of atmospheric active nitrogen compounds(N2O,NOx,HONO and NH3).These nitrogenous species can react with primary pollutants after being released into the atmosphere,and such play an important role in the atmospheric oxidation and the generation and elimination of atmospheric pollutants.The emission of nitrogenous species from soil involves biology,chemistry and physics processes,and these processes interact with each other.Physical and chemical properties of soil,such as soil acidity,humidity and water content etc.,have important impacts on the emission of these nitrogenous species.At present,there are significant deficiencies in quantifying nitrogenous species emitted from soil and estimating the impact of soil emission processes on air quality.This paper summarizes current mechanisms and influencing factors of releasing these active nitrogenous species from soil worldwide.Future research needs to further improve the understanding of key micro-mechanisms of soil emission processes,reveal the influence of soil processes to air pollution,and thus provide scientific guidance for improving air quality.