“左联”探索马克思主义文论中国化的三条路径

The Chinese League of Left-Wing Writers Explored the Three Paths of Adapting Marxist Literary Theory to the Chinese Context

“左联”从当时的实际情况出发,对马克思主义文论中国化展开了不自觉的探索,其探索路径主要有三条:文艺追随革命、兼顾艺术和现实、政治引领文艺。前期左联主张“文艺追随革命”,最终将文艺消融于革命之中,让文艺失去自身的特色;鲁迅等人则“兼顾艺术和现实”,这需要在二者之间寻找微妙平衡,难以把握;瞿秋白则开启“政治引领文艺”的新路径,将文艺方向纳入政治目的,同时注重文艺自身的特性,但“政治引领”决定了政治和文艺之间的平衡取决于前者对后者的姿态。“政治引领文艺”后来被延续下去,在马克思主义文论中国化过程中产生了深远影响。

Starting from the actual situation at that time, the Leftist launched an unconscious exploration ofadapting Marxist literary theory to the Chinese context. There are three main paths of exploration: literature and art following the revolution, taking into account art and reality, and politics leading literature and art. In the early period, the Leftist advocated that "literature and art followed the revolution";Lu Xun and others were "taking into account art and reality";Qu Qiubai explored a new path of "politics leading literature and art". "Politics leading literature and art" was continued later, and has had a profound influence in the process of adapting Marxist literary theory to the Chinese context.