研究型体育师资培养的芬兰经验及启示

Finnish experience in and inspirations from research type physical education teacher cultivation

芬兰体育教师教育领域致力于研究型体育师资的选拔和培养,目前已经形成成熟的研究型体育师资培养体系和资格认定制度。运用文献资料法、比较分析法等对芬兰研究型体育师资培养制度与体系进行系统阐释和分析。研究认为:芬兰研究型体育师资的培养目标定位为学术养成重于教学训练,在师资培养过程中倡导学术养成引领教学训练。芬兰师资培养机构通过严格的培养过程与检定程序,保障研究型体育师资的培养质量。芬兰注重培养学生担任研究型体育教师的专业素养,在教师资格考试中主张强化理论考试环节对学生研究基础的检定,重视专业考试环节对学生综合研究素养的测查,强调优化研究型体育师资的专业适应能力,并将信息技术教育贯穿于研究型体育师资培养全程。借鉴芬兰经验,有利于丰富和优化我国体育教师资格检定与入职考试科目及流程,寻求改进我国体育教师资格考试的内容与方式,强化体育教师专业教学和研究的素养与能力。

The Finnish physical education teacher education field devotes itself to research type physical education teacher selection and cultivation,has formed a mature research type physical education teacher cultivation system and a qualification certification institution currently.By applying literature data method and comparative analysis method etc,the author systematically interpreted and analyzed the Finish research type physical education teacher cultivation institution and system,and concluded the followings:Finish research type physical education teacher cultivation objective orientation is that academic cultivation is more important than teaching training,in the process of teacher cultivation,it is advocated that academic cultivation guides teaching training;the Finish teacher cultivation institution ensures research type physical education teacher cultivation quality via strict cultivation processes and verification procedures;Finland values cultivating the professional attainments of the students who will serve as research type physical education teachers,in teacher qualification examinations,advocates to intensity the theory examination link’s verification of student’s research foundations,values the specialty examination link’s test of student’s comprehensive research attainments,emphasizes optimizing the professional adaptation ability of research type physical education teachers,and runs information technology education throughout the entire process of research type physical education teacher cultivation.Learning from Finish experience is conducive to enriching and optimizing Chinese physical education teacher qualification certification and entry examination subjects and procedures,seeking for improving Chinese physical education teacher qualification examination contents and modes,and intensifying physical education teacher’s professional teaching and research attainments and abilities.