孤啡肽受体对痛觉调控作用的研究进展

Research Progress of Nociceptin Receptors on Pain Modulation

孤啡肽受体是继经典的mu阿片受体、kappa阿片受体和delta阿片受体之后发现的又一类新型阿片受体,不仅在结构上具有同上述阿片受体相类似的特征,而且可介导相同或相似的细胞内生物学反应.孤啡肽受体对痛觉反应具有独特的调控模式.一方面,在背根神经节以及脊髓水平,孤啡肽受体主要介导镇痛效应,并且在脊髓水平还与其他阿片受体有协同效应以增强镇痛效果.另一方面,在脊髓上水平,孤啡肽受体往往产生痛敏而拮抗了其他阿片受体的镇痛效应.此外孤啡肽受体对痛觉的调控在不同物种间也表现一定的差异性.这为进一步阐明内源性阿片系统的痛觉调控作用提供一定的理论依据.

The nociceptin receptor is another new type of opioid receptor found after mu-opioid receptor, kappaopioid receptor and delta-opioid receptor, which not only has structural similar features to classical opioid receptors, but also mediates same or similar intracellular biological response. Nociceptin receptor has a unique modulation of pain response. On the one hand, it usually exerts the analgesic effect at the dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord levels, and synergistic with other opioid receptors at the level of the spinal cord to enhance the analgesic effect. On the other hand, at the level of the spinal cord, nociceptin receptor produces hyperalgesia that antagonizes the analgesic effects of other opioid receptors. In addition, the regulation of pain sensation by nociceptin receptors also shows some differences among different species. This provides a theoretical basis for further elucidation of the pain regulation of the endogenous opioid system.