黑木耳多糖的结构组成及其免疫活性研究

Structual Composition and Immunomodulatory Activities of Polysaccharides from Auricularia Auricula

目的:对高温蒸汽浸提法提取得到的黑木耳多糖进行结构解析,并探究其在免疫功能方面的活性。方法:通过气相色谱(GC)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、刚果红实验等对其结构进行分析,建立RAW264.7巨噬细胞的免疫模型以探究其免疫刺激活性。结果:黑木耳多糖主要由鼠李糖、甘露糖和葡萄糖组成,其具有和免疫活性相关的β-构型糖苷键和三股螺旋构象。黑木耳多糖可以促进巨噬细胞的增殖,增强巨噬细胞的吞噬作用,显著诱导RAW264.7细胞中一氧化氮的分泌及细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α的释放。结论:黑木耳多糖具有与免疫相关的多种结构,对巨噬细胞具有强烈的刺激作用,在用作潜在的免疫刺激剂方面具有广阔的前景,黑木耳也可作为调节人类免疫力的功能性食品发挥巨大的应用价值。

Objective:To analyze the structure composition of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides extracted by high-temperature steam extraction,then explored its immunomodulatory activities.Methods:The structure of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC),infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Congo red experiment,the immune model of RAW 264.7 macrophages was established to explore its immunostimulatory activity.Results:Auricularia auricula polysaccharides were mainly composed of rhamnose,mannose and glucose,which had β-configuration glycosidic bonds and triple-helical conformation related to immune activity.Auricularia auricula polysaccharides could promote the proliferation of macrophages,enhance the phagocytosis of macrophages,significantly induce the secretion of nitric oxide and the release of cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in RAW264.7 cells.Conclusion:Auricularia auricula polysaccharides had a variety of immune-related structures and strong stimulating effects on macrophages which showed broad prospects for use as a potential immune stimulant.Auricularia auricula can also be used as a function food to enhance human immunity.