社会助长效应对民航管制员的管制能力影响实验研究

Experimental Study on the Control Capabilities Effects of Civil Air Traffic Controllers Based on the Social Facilitation Effect

为提高民航管制员的管制能力,减少“错、忘、漏”事件的发生,基于社会助长效应,以监控状态、任务难度为自变量,以管制员的调配管制间隔能力、理解管制意图能力、航空器识别能力和管制差错作为因变量,采用2×2组内设计,通过塔台模拟软件搭建实验平台对民航管制员的管制能力进行实验研究。实验结果表明:随着任务难度的不同,社会助长效应对管制员的调配管制间隔能力和理解管制意图能力有显著影响,对航空器识别能力没有显著影响;进一步对管制员的管制差错产生显著影响。因此,管制单位可以采用管制现场安装监控等措施,以提高管制员的管制水平。

In order to improve the control capabilities of civil air traffic controllers and reduce the“errors,forgetfulness and omissions”incidents,monitoring status and task difficulty were taken as independent variables based on the social facilitation effect.The controller's capabilities to deploy control interval,understand control intentions,aircraft identification capabilities and control errors were taken as dependent variables.An in-group design of 2×2 was adopted,and the experimental platform was built by tower simulation software.The experimental results show that the social facilitation effect has a significant impact on the controller s capabilities to deploy control interval and understand control intentions has no significant impact on aircraft identification capabilities with the different task difficulty,and has significant impact on controller tocontrol errors.To improve the control level of the controller,the air traffic control Units may adopt measures such as installation and monitoring in control on-site.