南宋绍兴和议前后学士院职能的变化及其影响

The Change and Influence of the Function of the Imperial Academy before and after Shaoxing Peace Talk in the Southern Song Dynasty

翰林学士院因其特殊的沿革与选任方式,在宋代中央官制中历来处于令人瞩目的地位。在南宋建立初至绍兴和议前后(1127—1141)的宋金战争时期,学士院除传统职能外,也承担了宣传招抚、承担外交辞令等新职能。此外,学士院官的选任更加注重其政治背景与政治倾向,学士院发布诏令更加重视团结地方势力,对政治生活的参与更加灵活,这些特点也在绍兴和议后得以长期保留。分析绍兴和议前后的学士院及其职能变化,有利于理解南宋初年君相关系以及秦桧独裁政治的发育过程。

Because of its special evolution and selection,Imperial Academy has always been in a remarkable position in the central official system of the Song Dynasty.During the Song and Jin wars from the early days of the Southern Song Dynasty to the period before and after Shaoxing Peace Talk(1127-1141),in addition to its traditional functions,the bachelor’s college also undertook new functions such as propaganda,recruitment and diplomatic rhetoric.In addition,the selection and appointment of the officials of the Imperial Academy paid more attention to the political background and tendency.The imperial edict issued by the Imperial Academy paid more attention to the unity of local forces and more flexible participation in political life.These characteristics were also retained for a long time after Shaoxing Peace Talk.The analysis of the changes of the academies and their functions before and after Shaoxing Peace Talk is helpful to understand the relationship between the monarch and the prime minister in the early Southern Song Dynasty and the development of Qin Hui’s dictatorship.