民国时期山西村治中的实察员

The Republican Inspectors in Shanxi Rural Governance

民国时期山西村治改革过程中,为监督改革进程,发现存在问题,推进各方面工作进行,阎锡山地方政府设立并派出了作为监察机构的实察员;实察员制度的确立及实察员工作的实施,既是这一时期村治改革的重要辅助手段,也是村治改革的组成部分。通过实察员对地方村治改革工作的监督反馈,阎锡山政府得以及时了解地方村治建设实际,同时通过对地方官员及政府工作的监督检查,进一步强化了阎锡山政府的领导地位,为其政府合法性提供了更有力的支持。实察员制度是深入了解民国时期山西村治改革状况的一个重要切入点,同时也可以为当下地方行政制度改革提供一定的历史借鉴。

In the process of republican Shanxi rural governance reform,in order to supervise the reform process and find the existing problems,YAN Xi-shan government set up and sent inspectors as supervising organizations to promote all aspects of work.The establishment of the inspectors system and the implementation of their work are not only an important auxiliary means but also an integral part of the rural governance reform in this period.Through the inspectors’supervision and feedback on the local rural governance reform,Yan government can timely understand the actual construction of local rural governance.Meanwhile,through the supervision and inspection of local officials and government work,the government further strengthens its leadership and provides stronger support for its government legitimacy.The system of inspectors is a key point to deeply understand the situation of republican Shanxi rural governance reform,and provide historical reference for the current reform of the local administrative system as well.