关于民事再审程序的再思考

Rethinking on Civil Retrial Procedures

为了在裁判的终局性、稳定性和裁判的公正性、正确性之间寻求一种法律平衡,民事再审制度应运而生。2015年2月4日施行的《关于适用〈中华人民共和国民事诉讼法〉的解释》对再审程序进一步作了细化和规范,这在司法实践中发挥了重要的作用。然而,值得注意的是,再审程序的构建理论依然存在不足,再审的启动主体、管辖法院的设置不合理,案外人申请再审等规范也亟待完善。借鉴域外的成功立法,修正再审制度的指导原则,限制再审启动主体的权限,科学构建再审管辖制度,完善案外人再审申请规范等,对收获程序运行的司法效果实有重要意义。

In order to seek a legal balance between the finality and stability of the judgment and the justice and correctness of the judgment,the civil retrial system came into being.The interpretation on the application of the Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China,which came into effect on February 4,2015,further refined and standardized the retrial system,which played an important role in judicial practice.However,it is noteworthy that there are still some deficiencies in the theory of the construction of retrial procedure,the setting of the initiating subject of retrial and the jurisdictional court is inappropriate,and the norms of the application for retrial by outsiders need to be improved urgently.It is of great significance for the judicial effect of the operation of the harvest system to draw lessons from successful legislation abroad,amend the guiding principles of the retrial system,limit the power of the subject to start the retrial,scientifically construct the retrial jurisdiction system.and perfect the standard of the retrial application of outsiders.