基于OCTA的近视性屈光参差患者黄斑区血流密度及视网膜厚度分析

Analysis of blood flow density and retinal thickness in macular areas of patients with non-amblyopic myopic anisometropia by OCT

目的应用光学相干断层扫描血管成像(optical coherence tomography angiography,OCTA)观察近视性屈光参差患者黄斑区血流密度及视网膜厚度的改变。方法应用OCTA对20例近视性屈光参差患者双眼的黄斑区视网膜进行扫描,受试者按双眼眼轴相对长度分为两组,眼轴较长眼进入长眼轴组,另一眼则进入对侧眼组,对比两组患者黄斑区血流密度及视网膜厚度情况。结果在20例成年近视性屈光参差患者中,黄斑区整体浅层视网膜的血液密度长眼轴组为47.04%±3.10%,明显高于对侧眼组的44.12%±2.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。等效球镜度数与黄斑区整体浅层视网膜血流密度及浅层旁黄斑中心凹血流密度均呈负相关(r=-0.18、-0.21,P=0.021、0.015)。两组所有深层视网膜的黄斑区血流密度及黄斑区视网膜厚度比较,差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。长眼轴组和对侧眼组的黄斑区脉络膜血流灌注面积分别为(1.94±0.17)mm2和(1.90±0.19)mm2,两组黄斑中心凹无血管区面积分别为(0.27±0.07)mm2和(0.28±0.07)mm2,差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。结论在近视性屈光参差患者中,长眼轴眼黄斑区浅层视网膜血流密度明显高于对侧眼;等效球镜度数与整体黄斑区浅层视网膜血流密度和浅层旁中心凹血流密度均呈负相关。

Objective To investigate the changes of blood flow density and retinal thickness in macular area of patients with non-amblyopic myopic anisometropia by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).Methods OCTA was used to scan the retinas in both macular areas of 20 patients with non-amblyopic myopic anisometropia.Both eyes of the patients were divided into the two groups according to the axial length.Eyes with longer axial length were classified into longer axis group,and the other eye into contralateral eye group.Blood flow density and retinal thickness in macular area were compared between the two groups.Results In 20 adult patients with non-amblyopic myopic anisometropia,the blood flow density of the whole superficial retina in macular area was 47.04%±3.10%in longer axis group,obviously higher than 44.12%±2.67%in contralateral eye group,and statistical difference was found(P<0.001).Equivalent spherical power had negative correlation with blood flow density of the whole superficial retina in macular area and blood flow density of macular fovea near superficial layer(r=-0.18,-0.21;P=0.021,0.015).No statistical difference was found in blood flow density or retinal thickness at all deep layers between the two groups(all P>0.05).For patients in longer axis group and contralateral eye group,choroidal perfusion areas in macular areas were(1.94±0.17)mm2 and(1.90±0.19)mm2,avascular areas in macular fovea were(0.27±0.07)mm2 and(0.28±0.07)mm2,and no statistical difference was found(both P>0.05).Conclusion In patients with non-amblyopic myopic anisometropia,the longer axial eyes have higher blood flow density of the whole superficial retina in macular area than contralateral eyes.Equivalent spherical power had negative correlation with blood flow density of the whole superficial retina in macular area and blood flow density of macular fovea near superficial layer.