6例新型冠状病毒肺炎流行病学及临床特征分析

Epidemiology and clinical features of 6 cases with novel coronavirus pneumonia

目的分析6例输入性新型冠状病毒肺炎病例的流行病学和临床资料,探索其临床特点和诊治规律。方法收集6例患者的流行病资料和电子病历记录,结合文献资料进行分析和总结。结果6例患者均为输入性病例,轻型1例,普通型5例,传播方式主要为日常生活接触传播。其中发热、咳嗽4例,淋巴细胞降低是最常见的实验室检查异常。胸膜下结节影和磨玻璃影是最常见的影像学表现。痰/咽拭子、粪便等标本均可检测出新型冠状病毒核酸。轻型和普通型患者通过治疗可使症状明显缓解,核酸阴转。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎传染性强,应特别注意家庭聚集发病和无症状儿童患者在疾病传播中的作用。新型冠状病毒有可能通过进餐、排便、排尿等方式传播。轻型和普通型患者通常预后良好。抗病毒治疗可能具有缩短核酸转阴时间,减少传播风险的作用。

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia by analyzing epidemiological and clinical data of 6 cases with novel coronavirus pneumonia.Methods The epidemiological data and electronic medical records of 6 patients were collected and analyzed together with literature data.Results The 6 patients were mainly imported cases in whom 1 case was light type and 5 cases were common type.Daily life contact communication was the main routes of transmission.Fever and cough were the most common symptoms.Lymphopenia was the most common laboratory abnormality.Subpleural nodules and ground-glass opacity were the most common imaging findings.Novel coronavirus nucleic acids could be detected in sputum/pharyngeal swabs,stool,and other specimens.Light and ordinary patients can be significantly relieved by treatment,and nucleic acid detection was turned to negative.Conclusion COVID-19 is highly contagious.Special attention should be paid to the role of family clustering and asymptomatic children in the spread of the disease.The novel coronavirus may be transmitted through meals,defecation,and urination.The prognosis is usually good in light and ordinary patients.Antiviral therapy may have effect to shorten the time of nucleic acid conversion to negative and reduce the risk of transmission.