大尺度粗糙床面水流特性模型试验与数值仿真分析

Experimental and Numerical Simulation on Flow Characteristics of Large Scale Roughness Bed Flow

针对山区常见的大尺度粗糙床面河流中的水流运动特性问题,采用模型试验、数值计算和统计分析相结合的方法,研究了特定边长混凝土方块在不同布置密度下,对浅水流动的自由表面形态、流速分布以及沿程阻力系数的影响。在此基础上,进一步提出了修正后的粗糙床面的沿程阻力计算公式,并采用非线性多元回归法基于试验与计算数据对公式系数进行回归。修正的公式具更广的适用性,且计算分析结果与模型试验结果较为吻合,对于航道整治与船舶航行具有较强的工程参考意义。

Aiming at understanding the flow characteristics of large-scale roughness bed flow in mountain rivers,roughness bed made of concrete block was studied by using the combination method of experimental test,numerical simulation and statistical analysis to identify the influence of roughness bed to the free surface morphology,flow velocity distribution and friction head loss coefficient.Based on the study results,a modified formula for calculating the flow resistance along the rough bed was proposed,and the non-linear multiple regression method was used to get the coefficients of the formula based on the experimental results.The modified formula is provided to be wider applicability,and the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results.It has significant reference value for channel regulation and ship navigation engineering.