多旋翼油动力无人机用起/发电机的研究设计

Research and Design of Multi-rotor Oil-powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Starter/Generator

传统多旋翼油动力无人机动力系统由汽油发电机、起动电机、螺旋桨、机载电池、减速器组成,机载电池容量有限,缺乏电力补给单元,限制了无人机续航时间。针对起/发电机的设计进行研究,结合多旋翼油动力无人机的结构形式及动力系统运行特点,提出电机的运行特性曲线及主要电磁性能,着重研究电机结构形式及主要尺寸、极槽配合、每槽导体数的选择和永磁体的尺寸设计,实现了起/发电机的轻量化及高功率密度设计;同时,针对油机起动时电机的局部饱和问题,提出了三种优化方案,并进行了综合对比分析。最后通过对样机的实验测试,验证了研究设计的正确性。

The power system of the traditional multi-rotor oil-powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)consists of gasoline generator,starting motor,propeller,onboard battery and reducer.The limited capacity of the onboard battery and the lack of power supply unit limit the endurance time of the UAV.Integrated with the structure of multi-rotor oil-powered UAV and power system operation characteristics,the operating characteristic curve and the main electromagnetic performance of the motor are proposed,and this paper focused on the design of starter/generator,especially the motor structure and the main size,pole-slot combination,number of conductors per slot and size design of permanent magnets.The structure put forward in this paper realized the starter/generator lightweight and high power density;Meanwhile,aiming at the partial saturation problem of the motor when the oil engine starts,three optimization schemes were put forward,and the comprehensive comparative analysis was made.Finally,the correctness of the research design was verified by the experimental test of the prototype.