当事人虚假陈述的厘定与排除——以民事司法裁判为考察

The Determination and Exclusion of the False Statement of the Parties——Based on the Civil Judicial Judgment

当事人虚假陈述在民事诉讼中普遍存在、形式多样却又鲜受实质制裁。一方面,当事人怀有侥幸心理是虚假陈述泛滥的主观诱发因素;另一方面,虚假陈述认定难、法律制裁乏力以及当事人陈述界定模糊是其屡见不鲜的客观成因。当事人的虚假陈述行为不仅增加了案件事实的认定难度,妨碍了诉讼进程,而且容易导致误判,损害司法权威。因而应当建立当事人虚假陈述的甄别机制、加强当事人虚假陈述的法律制裁力度、合理界定当事人陈述以及设立具结与宣誓环节,以期能够有效规制当事人虚假陈述行为。

False statements by the parties are common in civil litigation,with various forms but few substantial sanctions.On the one hand,the subjective inducing factor of the false statement is that the party is lucky.On the other hand,it is a common objective cause of false statement,weak legal sanction and vague definition of party statement.The false statement behavior of the parties not only increases the difficulty of determining the facts of the case,hinders the litigation process,but also easily leads to misjudgment and damages the judicial authority.Therefore,we should establish the screening mechanism of the parties'false statements,strengthen the legal sanction of the parties'false statements,reasonably define the parties'statements and set up the link of knot and oath,so as to effectively regulate the parties'false statements.