173例儿童上颌前部埋伏多生牙的回顾性研究

Retrospective study of embedded supernumerary teeth in maxillary anterior region of 173 children

目的对173例儿童的211颗上颌前部埋伏多生牙进行回顾性分析,通过对比不同年龄儿童多生牙对上中切牙位置的影响以及多生牙伴发含牙囊肿的差别,探讨拔除儿童多生牙的适合时机。方法收集173例连续病例的211颗多生牙,对其形态,方向,位置等进行分类;将患儿分为6岁以下组和6岁及以上两组,对比多生牙对患儿上中切牙位置的影响并行统计学分析。将211颗多生牙按年龄分为6岁以下、6~8岁以及8岁以上三组,对患儿多生牙含牙囊肿的发生率进行统计学分析。结果6岁以上组患者中切牙位置改变的发生率要明显多于6岁以下组患者(P<0.05);多生牙含牙囊肿的发生率在3个年龄组中明显不同,且随着年龄的增大含牙囊肿的发生率也上升(P<0.05)。结论乳牙列埋伏多生牙尽量观察,混合牙列埋伏多生牙若影响恒牙的发育、萌出及排列,在不损伤恒牙的情况下,应尽早拔除,若对恒牙没有影响,可等恒牙根发育完成后再考虑拔除。

Objective To investigate the 211 embedded supernumerary teeth in maxillary anterior region of 173 children.Methods A total of 211 embedded supernumerary teeth from 173 consecutive cases were collected and their morphology,orientation and location were classified.173 children were divided into two groups,primary dentition and mixed dentition.Results The incidence rate of location change of the maxillary central incisor in patients older than 6 years old was significantly higher than those younger than 6 years old(P<0.05).Significant difference of the incidence rate of dentigerous cyst was noted among the three groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Embedded supernumerary teeth in primary dentition should be observed and early removal of embedded supernumerary teeth should be performed in mixed dentition if the embedded supernumerary teeth affect the development,the eruption and the arrangement of permanent teeth,otherwise the embedded teeth should be removed after the development of the root of the permanent teeth completes.