略论欧阳修正统观中的民族因素

A Preliminary Study of the Ethnic Elements in Ou Yangxiu's Orthodox Idea

欧阳修的正统观在早年表现出淡薄华夷之别的超越性,在评判古代政权正统性时重一统而轻种族,晚年却流露出明显的“尊王攘夷”倾向,越来越重视古代政权的民族性问题。欧阳修正统观的发展变化,既与隋唐时期重文化、轻种族的民族思想、正统观的发展有关,又受到了北宋中期日益加剧的民族矛盾的影响。欧阳修晚年的正统观是宋代正统思想发展由“宽”转“严”的重要节点,其思想为南宋思想家所继承,发展为民族情绪强烈的民族正统观,在元明乃至清末都产生了深远的影响。深化对欧阳修正统观中民族因素的研究,对反对狭隘民族主义仍具有一定的时代价值和借鉴意义。

Ou Yangxiu's early orthodox idea shows the transcendence of the distinction between the Han and the ethnic minorities,while his later idea has the implications of supporting the emperor and expelling invaders.This change is not only under the influence of the ethnic thoughts in the Sui and Tang dynasties,but also a result of the serious ethnic contradictions in the middle period of the Northern Song Dynasty.Ou Yangxiu's later orthodox idea reflected a major shift from“flexibility”to“restriction”in the development of the orthodox ideas in the Song Dynasty,which was inherited by thinkers in the Southern Song Dynasty and developed into an orthodox idea with a strong flavor of nationalism and far-reaching influence in the Yuan,the Ming and the Qing dynasties.An in-depth study of the ethnic elements in Ou Yangxiu's orthodox idea still has some historical and practical significance for opposing narrow nationalism.