重思黑格尔辩证法

A Reflection on Hegel’s Dialectics

文章试图结合黑格尔辩证法的"一般形式",思考以下几个问题:第一,黑格尔辩证法的内容不是抽象的普遍性,而是普遍、特殊和个体性的统一;第二,黑格尔辩证法在形式上是肯定性和否定性的统一,否定之否定不是简单的肯定,而是突出了否定的积极意义;第三,从体系上看,黑格尔辩证法既是建构的逻辑也是瓦解的逻辑;第四,黑格尔辩证法既是神的辩证法也是人的辩证法,由于神和人均通过历史展现,因而他的辩证体系是对历史思辨思考的产物。这些相互联系的问题既涉及对黑格尔辩证法总体性质的理解,也涉及黑格尔辩证法与马克思、与当代辩证法的关系的理解。

This paper tries to reflect on the following topics in combination with the "general form"of Hegel’s dialectics. First,the content of Hegel’s dialectics is not abstract,but a unity of universality,particularity and individuality;Second,Hegel’s dialectics is in form a unity of positivity and negativity,and the double-negation is not simply positive,but rather highlights the positive meaning of negativity;Third,Hegel’s dialectics,from the system viewpoint,is both a constructed logic and a disintegrated logic as well;Fourth,Hegel’s dialectics is both the dialectics of God and the human being,both of whom are known through history,and Hegel’s dialectics is the product of speculative thinking on history. These interrelated topics involve not only the understanding of the overall nature of Hegel’s dialectics,but also the understanding of the relationship between Hegel’s dialectics and Marx’and the contemporary dialectics.