湖南省湘西州重点生态功能区贫困县生态脆弱性评价

Ecological Vulnerability Assessment of Impoverished Counties in Key Ecological Functional Areas of Xiangxi Prefecture in Hu’nan Province

[目的]开展湖南省湘西州生态脆弱性评价,在此基础上规划适宜开发区、限制开发区,为实现研究区绿色可持续发展提供参考.[方法]依据湘西州生态环境特点,利用2015-2018年社会经济统计数据,采用遥感影像、数字高程模型(DEM)等基础数据,运用GIS空间分析法,综合分析了湘西州各县生态脆弱性的时空演变特征.[结果]①生态脆弱性空间格局呈现出西高东低的分布特征,微度和轻度脆弱区主要分布在湘西东部永顺县和古丈县,重度和极度脆弱区成片分布在西部龙山县、保靖县和吉首市;②生态脆弱性总体表现出向高脆弱等级方向发展的趋势,微度脆弱区面积急速减少,重度脆弱区面积急速上升,生态环境逐年恶化.[结论]应注重人类活动对生态系统的积极影响,在加大扶贫力度的同时,因地制宜地开展生态环境保护工作.

[Objective]An ecological vulnerability assessment in Xiangxi Prefecture of Hu’nan Province was assessed to serve as a reference for upcoming“green”and sustainable development,and the research areas were classified into“suitable”or“restricted”for development zones.[Methods]Spatial-temporal characteristics of the evolution of ecological vulnerability in all counties were comprehensively analyzed using GIS and ecological environmental characteristics were considered using socioeconomic statistical data from 2015 to 2018,remote sensing imagery,and digital elevation models.[Results]①The spatial patterns of ecological vulnerability indicated high vulnerability in the west and low vulnerability in the east.Moderately low and low vulnerability zones were mainly distributed in Yongshun and Guzhang counties in Western Hu’nan,and high and extremely high vulnerability zones were distributed in portions of western Longshan and Baojing counties and Jishou City.②Overall ecological vulnerability trended toward high vulnerability,while the area of moderately-low vulnerability zones decreased sharply and that of extremely high vulnerability zones increased dramatically,indicating that the ecological environment has deteriorated over the study period.[Conclusion]Attention should be focused on the positive impact of human activities on the ecological system and on ensuring that environmental protection work is carried out according to actual ecological conditions while poverty alleviation work is strengthened.