隧道施工期岩爆危险性评价的属性识别模型及工程应用

Attribute recognition model of fatalness assessment of rockburst in tunnel construction and its application

隧道地质条件复杂,岩爆灾害频发,造成严重经济损失及人员伤亡,为工程施工带来极大困难。为分析隧道施工期岩爆风险和为施工安全提供依据,以属性数学理论为基础,建立了8参数岩爆危险性属性评价模型。通过对隧道岩爆案例的系统整理与分析,总结岩爆主要影响因素,考虑隧道施工现场指标获取的难易程度,改进了岩爆传统评价指标,选取了围岩岩性、岩体强度、围岩完整性、地应力大小、地下水状况、隧道埋深、隧道断面大小及现场施工情况8个易于获取的指标,然后构建了岩爆危险性评价的属性识别模型;同时考虑主观因素和客观因素,采用层次分析法(AHP)和概率统计法结合的综合赋权法对各指标因素进行权重分析;将建立的岩爆危险性属性识别模型应用于雅康高速公路二郎山隧道,结果表明:评价结果与实际开挖结果总体吻合较好,验证了该方法在岩爆危险性评价中的可行性与合理性。该研究成果为隧道施工岩爆灾害危险性评价提供了一种有效的途径,对预防隧道岩爆灾害发生、减少施工损失具有重大的意义。

Geological conditions of tunnels are complex,and the rockburst disaster is frequent,causing serious economic losses and casualties,which bring great difficulties to the construction of projects.In order to analyze the rockburst risk of tunnel construction and provide a basis for construction safety,an 8-parameter rockburst hazard evaluation model is established on the basis of the attribute mathematics theory.Through the systematic collection and analysis of the cases of tunnel rockburst,the main influencing factors of rockburst are summarized.Considering the ease of obtaining the index of the tunnel construction site,the traditional evaluation index of rock explosion is improved,and 8 easy-to-obtain indicators are selected:rock nature,rock strength,rock integrity,ground stress size,groundwater condition,tunnel depth,tunnel section size and site construction.The property identification model of the rock explosion risk assessment is constructed.The subjective and objective factors are taken into account,and the combined empowerment method of analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and probability statistics is used to analyze the weighting of the indicator factors.The established rock explosion risk attribute identification model is applied to the Yakang Expressway’s Erlangshan tunnel,the results show that the evaluation results are in general good agreement with the actual excavation results,the feasibility and rationality of the method in the rock explosion risk evaluation is verified.The research results provide an effective way for the risk assessment of tunnel construction rock explosion disaster,which are of great significance to prevent the occurrence of tunnel rock explosion disaster and reduce the construction loss.