军民融合创新研究综述与展望

A review and prospect of the research on military-civilian integrated innovation

坚定不移地走军民融合创新之路,在更广范围、更高层次、更深程度上把国防科技创新体系纳入国家创新体系之中,不仅是新时代中国特色社会主义发展之战略考量,更是科技发展自身之客观规律的重要体现。以2003-2019年间中国知网军民融合创新相关核心文献为研究样本,绘制该研究领域知识图谱,探究发现:目前核心研究力量主要集中在国防特色高校和军事院校,机构之间缺乏密切的合作与交流,尚未形成成熟的研究网络;现有研究依然以情报分析为主,统计分析、前沿面分析以及系统分析方法应用较少;研究热点逐步体现出更加微观和具体的特点。未来该领域研究应坚持以习近平军民融合发展战略思想为指导,站在国际国内的战略高度,不断扩充研究领域与参与机构,强化研究网络合作的广度和深度;立足于中国特色的管理实践,加强案例研究,完善高质量企业层面数据平台的建立,丰富多维度、多领域、多学科交叉研究方法的使用,深化科技发展内在规律等微观机理层面的研究,进一步完善军民融合创新科技平台的建设,为基于军民一体化的国家科技计划提供有效的智库支持。

China must follow the road of military-civilian integration and innovation unswervingly,and integrate the national defense science and technology innovation system into the national innovation system in a wider range,higher levels,and deeper degrees. This is not only a strategic consideration of the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era,but also an important reflection of the objective laws of scientific and technological development. Cite Space V is a document visualization software developed by professor Chen Chaomei of the United States. It has the dual nature and characteristics of visual "graph" and serialized " spectrum",which can visualize the complex relationship of knowledge networks. In this article,to reveal the existing knowledge structure relationship and development process,we will use the core documents of the military-civilian integration and innovation field in CNKI as the research sample from 2003 to 2019 to draw a knowledge map. In order to have a comprehensive understanding of the field of military-civilian integration and innovation,we explore the current research status of military-civilian integration and innovation in terms of annual publication volume,research institutions and core authors,and summarizes research hotspots and development trends.This article conducts a comprehensive analysis of military-civilian integration and innovation in terms of current research characteristics analysis and research hotspots and development trends.( 1) Current research characteristics analysis. At present,the annual publication volume in the research field has shown a steady increase,indicating that the research fever of military-civilian integrated innovation continues to rise;The core research strength in this field is mainly concentrated in national defense universities and military colleges. At the same time,due to the lack of close cooperation and exchanges,a perfect research network has not formed yet among the studies in this field. The research methods in this field are mainly based on intelligence analysis,but quantitative analysis methods are less applied such as statistical analysis,frontier analysis,and system analysis.( 2)Research hotspots and development trends. Analysis of research hotspots in this field are deepened from the analysis of the connotation of military-civilian integrated innovation concept,the composition of the main body of innovation,the system construction and operation mechanism to the construction of military-civilian integrated innovation demonstration zone and the analysis of the innovation characteristics of military-civilian integration " hidden champions" enterprises through high-frequency keyword statistics and keyword contribution networks. Research hotspots gradually reflect more micro and specific characteristics.Military-civilian integrated innovation is an important way to promote the deep development of military-civilian integration.Firstly,clarifying the evolution of the concept of military-civilian integration is of great significance to the innovation of military-civilian integration. At present,in terms of research on the concept of military-civilian integrated innovation,the connotation of military-civilian integrated innovation is constantly enriching,but the Chinese characteristics are not clear enough.Based on the accurate understanding of the differences between China and Western countries in terms of system construction and social background,we should base our national conditions on building Chinese characteristics. The military-civilian integration and innovation concept system establishes the right to speak internationally and lays a solid theoretical foundation for the follow-up research on military-civilian integration and innovation.Secondly,with the continuous advancement of military-civilian integration,the connotation of the subject of innovation has gradually become richer and more diversified.Thirdly,for a long time,China ’s defense technology innovation and civilian technology innovation belong to two independent systems,forming a pattern of separation of military and civilians in the national innovation system,leading to the repeated input of production factors,causing serious waste of production resources and restricting China’s economic development. The establishment of a national innovation system helps to resolve the pattern of separation between military and civilians,and at the same time enables national defense science and technology to be rooted in the national economic foundation and realize the coordinated development of national defense and economic construction. In terms of building a military-civilian integrated innovation system,military-civilian integration is both a strategic consideration and an inherent law of technological development. We should start from the technical level in the military-civilian integrated innovation system architecture phase. Due to the complexity of the subject of military-civilian integrated innovation,the diversity of functions,and the long-term goal,it is a long way to go to build a scientific and effective military-civilian integrated innovation system.Finally,in terms of operation mechanism,the internal dynamic mechanism of military-civilian integration is not researched deeply enough,and the interaction of dynamic mechanism,coordination mechanism,information sharing mechanism,and incentive mechanism is not close enough. The internal relationship between mechanisms needs to be further studied. The research theme of military-civilian integrated innovation gradually becomes microcosmic,and the construction of military-civilian integration " hidden champions" enterprises and the construction of innovation demonstration zones has become a higher-level military-civilian integrated innovation carrier. The success of the " hidden champions" enterprise is equivalent to a successful pilot for small and medium-sized enterprises as the main body of military-civilian integrated innovation. The successful experience of innovation can also be used as a reference for other military industrial enterprises,which will help promote the in-depth development of military-civilian integrated innovation.In the future,research in this field should be guided by Xi Jinping’s military-civilian integration development strategy and continue to expand the research field at the international and domestic strategic heights. In addition to national defense and military academies,more local universities and research institutions should join the research team. In order to achieve the purpose of strengthening the breadth and depth of research network cooperation,future research should be based on management practices with Chinese characteristics,while strengthening case studies and improving the establishment of high-quality enterprise-level data platforms. It should also enrich the use of quantitative research methods and deepen research on micro-mechanical levels such as the inherent laws of scientific and technological development to further improve military and civilian. The construction of an integrated innovation and technology platform provides effective think tank support for a national science and technology plan based on military-civilian integration.