课堂外的身体塑造——陕甘宁边区儿童团的官方身体建构

Body Shaping Outside the Classroom——The official body construction of children’s corps in shaanxi-gansu-ningxia border region

阿尔都塞认为,对于劳动力的再生产,不仅要求再生产出劳动力的技能,还要求生产出劳动力对现存秩序各种规范的服从。在陕甘宁边区,现代化身体的形塑并不以制度化教育作为唯一管道,其他如儿童团等组织成为官方对其身体建构的另一种重要形式。这些组织透过以身体姿势、卫生、技能和意识作为对象的活动,体现出政党或政府对个体身体的支配力。边区儿童团旨在组织儿童参与抗战工作与生产活动中,通过对施展在其肉体上的技艺训练和要求的观察,可以看到边区儿童被赋予对抗日救亡的道德理想,并塑造出官方身体的模范化存在。

According to althusser,the reproduction of labor requires not only the regeneration of the skills of the productive labor,but also the obedience of the productive labor to the norms of the existing order.Inshaanxi-gansu-ningxia border region,institutionalized education is not the only channel to shape the modern body.Other organizations,such as children’s groups,have become another important form of official body construction.These organizations demonstrate the state’s control over the individual body through activities that target body posture,hygiene,skills and awareness.Children’s league aims to organize children to participate in Anti-Japanese War work and production activities.Through the observation of skills training and requirements put to use in their physical body,it can be seen that children are endowed with the moral ideal of anti-japanese national salvation and shape the exemplary existence of the official body.