乌鲁木齐地区RT-PCR法检测儿童急性呼吸道病毒的临床研究

Clinical study of RT-PCR in children with acute respiratory viruses in Urumqi

目的利用多重荧光逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)分析急性下呼吸道感染患儿4种病毒:人腺病毒(HADV)、人博卡病毒(HBoV)、人偏肺病毒(HMPV)、人呼吸道合胞病毒(HRSV)的感染情况。方法收集1045例急性呼吸道感染的住院患儿鼻咽深部分泌物标本,采用多重荧光RT-PCR进行呼吸道病毒4项指标检测,就病毒分布情况、季节因素等方面进行临床流行病学特点分析。结果1045例患儿中有281例4种呼吸道病毒阳性,总阳性率为26.89%;其中单一病毒感染194例(69.04%)、混合病毒感染87例(30.96%),HMPV感染最多,为120例(42.70%)、其次为HRSV感染119例(42.35%);在各年龄组中≤3岁组阳性229例(36.06%),4~7岁组阳性114例(42.22%),≥8岁组阳性63例(45.00%)。从季节分布来看,春、夏、秋、冬四季的检出率分别为25.68%、28.24%、49.34%、65.57%。结论多重荧光RT-PCR法能快速检测乌鲁木齐地区儿童急性呼吸道病毒,呼吸道病毒感染主要为HMPV和HRSV感染;呼吸道病毒患儿感染率最高年龄段为≥8岁;以秋季和冬季为呼吸道病毒感染高发期。

Objective To analyze four viruses[human adenovirus(HADV),human bocavirus(HBoV),human metapneumovirus(HMPV),human respiratory syncytial virus(HRSV)]infection situation in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection by multiplex fluorescent reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Methods A total of 1045 hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections were enrolled in the specimens of deep nasopharyngeal secretions.Multiple fluorescent RT-PCR was used to detect four markers of respiratory virus,and the clinical epidemiological characteristics were analyzed in terms of virus distribution and seasonal factors.Results Of the 1045 patients,281 were positive for 4 respiratory viruses,and the total positive rate was 26.89%.Among them,194(69.04%)were infected with a single virus,87(30.96%)were infected with mixed virus,and the highest was HMPV,120 cases(42.70%),followed by HRSV infection in 119 cases(42.35%);229 cases(36.06%)were positive in≤3 years old group,114 cases(42.22%)were positive in 4-7 years old group,≥8 years old group in each age group positive in 63 cases(45.00%).From the perspective of seasonal distribution,the detection rates of spring,summer,autumn and winter were 25.68%,28.24%,49.34%,and 65.57%,respectively.Conclusions Multiplex fluorescent RT-PCR can rapidly detect acute respiratory virus in children in Urumqi.The main infections of respiratory virus are HMPV and HRSV infection.The highest age of respiratory virus infection is≥8 years old.The incidence of respiratory virus infection is high in autumn and winter period.