英语译介史视角下的杜甫文学地位变迁述论

On Du Fu's Status Changing in English Literature from the Perspective of Translation History

从译介史视角考查杜甫在英语世界的文学地位,发现其经历了一个复杂的变迁过程。具体而言,它可以分为四个阶段:一是在20世纪之前,英语世界仅出现了杜诗转译和零星翻译,此时杜甫的文学地位相对模糊;二是在20世纪上半叶,出现了杜诗选本的译介,杜甫的文学地位得到了部分确立;三是在20世纪下半叶,此时产生了多部专门的杜甫译介作品,杜甫作为“中国最伟大的诗人”和“世界最伟大的诗人之一”的地位得以充分确立;四是在21世纪,出现了多种杜诗的全译本,由此形成了杜甫的经典地位。整体而言,译介史上出现的多种译本共同合作得以产生的传播效果是促成杜甫在英语世界地位不断被肯定和确立的关键,从译介史视角来看杜甫在英语世界的文学地位变迁,可以避免单独译介的局限性,有利于从译介整体脉络中找出杜甫诗歌的接受规律,为未来中国古典文学的翻译与传播提供积极的经验借鉴。

From the perspective of translation history,this paper examines Du Fu’s literary position in the English world and finds that it has undergone complex changes.Specifically,it can be divided into four stages.First,before the 20th century,there were only translations and sporadic translations,and Du Fu’s literary status was relatively vague.Second,in the first half of the 20th century,there were translations of Du Fu’s anthologies,and Du Fu’s literary status was partially established.Third,in the second half of the 20th century,a number of specialized Du Fu’s works were translated and introduced,and Du Fu’s position as “the greatest poet in China”and “one of the greatest poets in the world”was fully established.Fourth,in the 21st century,there was a variety of full translations of Du's poems,thus forming his classic status.On the whole,the communication effect of the joint cooperation of multiple translations in the history of translation and introduction is the key to the continuous recognition and establishment of Du Fu’s position in the English world.From the perspective of translation history,the change of Du Fu’s literary position in the English world can avoid the limitations of individual translation and help find out the acceptance rules of Du Fu’s poems from the overall context of translation and introduction,and provide positive experience for the translation and spread of Chinese classical literature in the future.