功能论视角下任意诉讼担当的类型研究

Types of Discretionary Litigation Undertaking from the Perspective of Function Theory

早期的任意诉讼担当作为实体当事人适格标准的例外出现。随着理论和实践的不断发展,任意诉讼担当在民事诉讼中所承担的功能日趋复杂,渐次注入简化诉讼程序、提高诉讼效率等程序功能。对于任意诉讼担当适用条件的理解离不开对其功能剖析。任意诉讼担当的不同功能决定了不同类型的任意诉讼担当应有不同的适用标准。在我国民事诉讼中,应充分发展代表型的任意诉讼担当;厘清拟制型任意诉讼担当的当事人能力与当事人适格的关系;谨慎对待代理型的任意诉讼担当。

The early discretionary litigation undertaking appears as the exception to the suitability of the parties. With the continuous development of theory and practice, the functions of the discretionary litigation in civil action gradually becomes more and more complex. In order to understand the applicable conditions of discretionary litigation undertaking, we should analyze its functions. The different functions of the discretionary litigation undertaking have decided to the different applicable standards of different discretionary litigation undertaking. In Chinese civil action, we should fully develop the representative discretionary litigation undertaking, clarify the relationship between the ability and suitability of the litigant about the fiction discretionary litigation undertaking, and treat the agent discretionary litigation undertaking with caution.