高原环境对移居大鼠子代主要脏器指数及心脏形态学的影响

The influence of high altitude environment on organ index and cardiac morphology in offspring of migrating rats

目的探讨移居高原大鼠子代在高原环境中主要脏器发育状况,观察移居高原大鼠子代心脏组织形态学改变。方法将24只(18只雌鼠,6只雄鼠)8周龄wistar大鼠平均分为高原组和平原组,每组12只(9只雌鼠,3只雄鼠)按3:1雌雄比例合笼受孕,所有孕鼠均自然分娩。比较高原组和平原组子代大鼠出生后的第1天、第30天、第60天心、肝、脾、肺、肾、脑的脏器指数,取心脏组织做HE染色检测病理学变化。结果高原组子代大鼠出生第1天体重低于平原组,分别为6.20±0.77g,6.60±0.90g(P<0.05)。第60天高原组子代大鼠心脏指数高于平原组,分别为0.76±0.11,0.61±0.01(P<0.05)。高原组子代大鼠心肌组织HE染色可见心肌间质内有炎性细胞浸润,心肌细胞结构破坏,胞核消失,胞质溶解,均质红染,部分心肌纤维呈不规则断裂,出现大小不等的空泡,心肌间隙扩大,小动脉玻璃样变。结论高原环境对移居孕鼠子代心脏的发育有影响,心肌组织病理改变明显,可能与高原低压、低氧有关。

Objective To explore the development of the main organs of the offspring of rats in the high altitude environment,and to observe the changes of heart histomorphology in offspring of rats immigrated to high altitude.Methods A total of 24(18 females,6 males)8-week-old Wistar rats were divided into high altitude group and plain group.In each group,12 rats(9 females and 3 males)were put in one cage according to 3:1 females and males ratio,all pregnant mice gave birth naturally.The organ indexes of heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney and brain were compared on the first day、the 30 th day and the 60 th day after the birth of offspring rats between high altitude group and plain group.The histopathological changes of heart tissue were detected by HE staining.Results The first day birth weight of offspring rats in high altitude group was lower than that in plain group,which were 6.20±0.77 g,6.60±0.90 g(P<0.05)respectively.On the 60 th day,the heart index of offspring rats in high altitude group was higher than that in plain group,which were 0.76±0.11,0.61±0.01(P<0.05).HE staining showed that there were inflammatory cell infiltration in the myocardial interstitium,the structure of myocardial cells was destroyed,the nucleus disappeared,Cytoplasmic dissolution,homogeneous red stained,some myocardial fibers were broken irregularly,vacuoles of different sizes and enlarged myocardial space appear,arteriole glassy change.Conclusion The high altitude environment has an effect on the development of the heart of the offspring of the immigrated pregnant rats,and the pathological changes of the myocardium are obvious,which may be related to the low pressure and low oxygen in the high altitude area.