变压器故障模拟系统的设计

Design of transformer fault simulation system

变压器是变电站中的主要电力设备,其安全、稳定运行关系到整片区域的供电保障。针对这一问题,文中提出了一种基于振动检测法的变压器故障模拟系统。采用加速度传感器采集故障状态下变压器的振动信号,并对信号进行快速傅里叶变换,对不同故障状态下变压器振动信号的频谱特性进行分析,选取绕组、铁芯松动故障的特征频率,并结合频谱复杂度和频段能量分析。提出了基于振动信号的变压器故障诊断方法,用LabVIEW设计了故障模拟分析软件,通过读取变压器振动信号,进行特征值的提取并做出故障诊断。该系统在多次模拟故障实验当中性能表现良好,无误报情况出现,故障漏报率仅为0.5%。

The transformer is the main power equipment in the substation.Its safe and stable operation is related to the power supply guarantee of the entire area.During the operation of the transformer,its core and winding are subject to magnetostriction and electromagnetic force,which will cause vibration.The transformer is in a live state for a long time,which will cause the winding and the iron core to loosen to different degrees.Aiming at this problem,this paper proposes a transformer fault simulation system based on vibration detection method.The system uses an acceleration sensor to collect the vibration signal of the transformer under fault conditions,and performs fast Fourier transform on the signal.It analyzes the spectral characteristics of the transformer vibration signal under different fault conditions,and selects the characteristic frequency of the winding and the core loosening fault.Finally,combined with spectrum complexity and frequency band energy analysis,a transformer fault diagnosis method based on vibration signal is proposed.At the same time,LabVIEW is used to design the fault simulation analysis software,which can read the transformer vibration signal,extract the characteristic values and make fault diagnosis.The transformer fault simulation test system performed well in multiple simulated fault tests,and no false alarms appeared. The fault false negative rate was only 0.5%.