影像组学在乳腺癌淋巴结转移中的研究进展

Research progress of radiomics in lymph node metastasis of breast cancer

乳腺癌是全世界女性中最为常见的恶性肿瘤之一,发病率正逐年递增,严重威胁女性健康。淋巴结转移是乳腺癌预后的重要指标,传统影像学检查方法在乳腺癌患者淋巴结转移状态的术前评估方面仍存在很大挑战,影像组学作为一种高通量提取特征的新技术,可提取图像深层次信息并用于建立临床诊断、预后和预测模型,在临床诊疗中得到了广泛应用和研究。目前,基于MRI、超声和钼靶的影像组学技术已逐步开始应用于乳腺癌淋巴结转移的预测,成为学术研究的一大热点。本文介绍了影像组学的定义、工作流程,并对影像组学在乳腺癌淋巴结转移的研究进展进行综述,分别从基于MRI的和非MRI影像的影像组学两方面展开分析,影像组学有望为乳腺癌患者的个体化精准诊疗提供可靠依据。

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women throughout the world. Its incidence is increasing year by year, which is a serious threat to women’s health. Lymph node metastasis is an important prognostic indicator in breast cancer. The traditional methods of imaging still have great challenges in the preoperative evaluation of lymph node metastasis status in breast cancer patients. As a new high-throughput feature extraction technology, radiomics can extract deep information of images and use it to establish clinical diagnosis, prognosis and prediction models. Radiomics has been widely used and studied in clinical diagnosis and therapy. At present, radiomics based on MRI, ultrasound and mammography have gradually been applied to the prediction of breast cancer lymph node metastasis, and has become a hot topic in academic research. This article reviews the definition and workflow of radiomics, then reviews the research progress of radiomics in breast cancer lymph node metastasis.