近2年南昌市及周边地区毒蛇咬伤流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of the poisonous snake bite around Nanchang area in recent two years

目的分析南昌市及周边地区毒蛇咬伤的发病情况,为本地区毒蛇咬伤的预防和治疗提供理论依据。方法回顾性分析近2年来我院中医外科收治的毒蛇咬伤患者的临床资料,并对资料完整的1425例进行分析总结。结果南昌市及周边地区毒蛇咬伤具有特有的流行病学特点。毒蛇咬伤多发生在市郊南昌县、新建县等地,时间多集中在夏秋,以早晨和傍晚为高发时段,患者以男性居多,以下肢咬伤多见,致伤蛇种以蝮蛇多见,经及时治疗病情多痊愈。结论南昌及周边地区因其适宜的气候和地理环境,毒蛇咬伤高发,且具有明显区域性、季节性等特征。积极普及防治毒蛇咬伤知识,可降低毒蛇咬伤发病率和伤残、致死率。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological feature of the poisonous snake bite around Nanchang area.Methods One thousand four hundred and twenty-five cases which had relatively complete records and were reviewed in recent two years were analyzed retrospectively.Results There are more snake bite cases in suburb area of Nanchang and around Nanchang area.Most of the snakes in this study were Viper snake bite occurred mainly in summer and autumn evenings and mornings and the patients were mostly 40~70 years old males,and limbs injury were common.Most of snake bite injury were not serious and were treated properly,with good prognosis.Conclusion The epidemiological feature of the poisonous snake bite around Nanchang area are obvious,proving a theoretical basis for improving the prevention,reducing mortality rate,decreasing disability and improving prognosis of snake bite.