由凡入神:仪式隐喻下信仰空间的供奉与福祉——以清水江地区“土地神”信仰为中心

From Ordinary Material to God-Worship and Blessing of Belief Space under Ritual Metaphor:A Case Study on the Belief of“Land Gods”in Qingshuijiang Area

土地神作为地方社会普遍祭祀的地方神灵之一,随着社会的发展,它们不断被人们赋予功能性的意义,它们管理着不同的社会空间,有不同的分工。土地神的空间建造仪式,是土地神从物理造像变成“神灵”的关键步骤,在这里它被赋予具有一定社会功能的象征性神圣意义。拥有神灵的祭祀权力也意味着拥有福祉的享受,为了保证祭祀的后续,出现了经营管理“祭祀之用”的组织。文章通过对土地神在地方社会的功能、仪式、祭祀财产的经营管理,探讨民间信仰在地方社会发展之间中的作用。

As one of the local deities that are commonly sacrificed in local society,Land Gods are constantly endowed with functional meanings by people with the development of society.They manage different social spaces and have different divisions of labor.The construction ceremony of land god is a key step for land god to change from ordinary figurative material to“god”,where it is endowed with symbolic and sacred significance with certain social functions.The possession of the sacrificial power of the gods also means the possession of the blessings granted by the gods.In order to ensure the follow-up of the sacrificial power,organizations managing the public property of“sacrificial”appeared.This paper tries to discuss the role of folk belief in the development of local society through the function of land god in local society,ritual and sacrificial property management.