超声引导下神经阻滞技术在乳腺癌改良根治术的应用进展

Progress in the application of ultrasound-guided nerve block technique in modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer

乳腺癌现居于女性癌症发病率首位。基于手术切口及相关神经分布,我们采用多种超声引导下神经阻滞技术帮助优化围术期管理,同时灵活应用镇静药与镇痛药,来为患者提供风险更小的“舒适化医疗”。经典的脊神经阻滞技术效果显著,但由于交感阻滞作用而难以避免地引起循环抑制;近年新兴的外周神经阻滞,则在达到满意的麻醉效果同时对血流动力学影响甚小,新型阻滞技术的有效性及安全性尚待进一步探索。这些阻滞技术均有各自的优势,为危重症患者的麻醉提供了更多可能。

Breast cancer ranks first in the morbidity of cancer among women.In consideration of surgical incisions and associated neural distribution,we adopted ultrasound-guided nerve block techniques to optimize perioperative management,while sedatives and analgesics were administered for providing patients with the experience of“Comfortable Medical Treatment”.The classic spinal nerve block technology has achieved significant effects,but it is unavoidable to cause circulatory suppression due to the sympathetic block effect.In recent years,although the emerging peripheral nerve blocks has achieved satisfactory anesthetic effect while having little effect on hemodynamics,novel nerve block techniques need to be further explored.Each of those techniques has their own advantages,which can bring more possibilities for anesthesia in critically ill patients.