住房实现模式对流动人口市民化的影响效应分析:城市融入视角

Housing Attainments and Granting the Floating Population the Status of City Residents:An Analysis Based on Integration

住房是迁移者融入当地社会和实现持久性迁移的基本条件,也是流动人口融入城市、实现市民化进程中必须解决的关键问题。文章在采用因子分析和模糊集对城市融入度进行测度的基础上,利用2014年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据,估计了住房实现模式对流动人口城市融入的影响。研究发现:相对于单位宿舍,租赁住房与自有住房均能显著提升流动人口的城市融入度,而自有住房的融入促进效应更大;在采用工具变量法矫正内生性及考虑了流动人口的个体异质性后,研究结论依然稳健;不同的住房实现模式对城市融入分维度指标的影响表现出一定的差异性。相对于单位宿舍,自有住房能显著提高迁移者经济融入、社会适应、心理认同以及文化接纳,而个人租赁住房虽有利于经济融入和文化接纳,但对其社会适应和心理认同带来显著负面效应;居住隔离在一定程度上充当了住房影响城市融入的传导机制,并表现出明显的阻滞效应,而政府介入提供保障性住房可对迁移者融入城市产生一定的促进作用。

Becoming homeowners in the destinations has often been portrayed as the culmination of the integration process and permanent migration.How to provide decent and affordable housing to migrants is an unprecedented challenge for the new urbanization plan in China.Does the integration effect of housing vary by residential patterns?What is the transmission mechanism that housing can affect the integration?We use the China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2014 to explore the impact of housing attainment on the integration.The result is that both rent housing and homeownership can significantly prove the integration,while the effect from homeownership is more than that from rent housing.Even after controlling heterogeneity and correcting endogeneity,the conclusions are also robust.Homeownership also has a positive impact on all of the integration process,while rent housing not only has a positive effect on economic integration and cultural assimilation,but also has a negative effect on social adaption and psychological identification.Residential segregation plays the role of transmission,taking negative effect on the integration,while public housing can advance the integration positively.