平仄如何分四声八声——李鼎老师谈音韵

How to Distinguish Four Tones and Eight Tones in Level and Oblique Tones——Li Ding’s Thought on Phonology

介绍李鼎老师治音韵学常用的参考书,并总结李老在音韵学上的主要学术观点,包括南方音可以在平、上、去、入四声基础上,再依阴声(浊音)和阳声(清音)的不同而分为八声,入声的消失对诗文格律的影响以及借助南方音的读法使入声回归等。此外,还介绍了传统古籍中标注四声的“点发”方法。

Through introducing the commonly reference books used by Li Ding when he taught phonology,this article summarizes Li’s main views on phonology including that southern tones can be divided into eight tones according to the differences between Yin sound(voiced sound)and Yang(clear sound)on the basis of four tones:level,bounce,falling,and entering;the influence of the disappearance of entering tone on the poetic style;and the return of entering tone with the help of the southern pronunciation.In addition,it also introduces the method of marking four tones in ancient books.