基于虚拟现实技术在口腔修复中应用的数字化[牙合]架

Application of a digital articulator based on virtual reality technique in oral repair

背景:数字化的发展改变了传统口腔临床中的诊疗过程,数字工作流程可以提高患者的舒适度,节约医患时间,虚拟[牙合]架作为新开发的版块出现在大多数的牙科设计软件中,旨在复制机械[牙合]架的功能,进行静态咬合分析,同时又能提供上下颌相对运动的动态模拟,在治疗的规划和设计阶段可以更方便、精确、高效。目的:综述近年国内外多种虚拟[牙合]架的操作方法和临床应用研究进展。方法:第一作者应用计算机检索国内外数据库相关文献研究、临床案例、书籍,对相关的观点进行总结整理。结果与结论:(1)虚拟[牙合]架的研究约20年,由于技术敏感性和成本仍未普及应用;(2)[牙合]架的转移需要建立口扫上下颌模型并记录下颌运动关系,运动关系的确定可以用均值下颌参数数字定义,也可以用超声感应、光电感应、数字面弓或者锥体束CT等方法进行个性化记录,可根据治疗需要和现有设备选择不同的记录方式;(3)[牙合]目前已应用于正颌外科、颞下颌关节疾病、种植及美学修复等方面,已有对比研究显示其精确性可以满足临床要求且节约时间,但不同咬合系统之间的差异还需检测,目前仍在不断测试中;(4)虚拟[牙合]架可节约临床操作时间,提高精确性,弥补机械[牙合]架的局限性,未来有广泛的应用前景。

BACKGROUND:The development of digital technology has changed the diagnosis and treatment process in traditional oral clinic.The digital workflow can improve patient’s comfort,and save time.Virtual articulator as the new development section has been used in most of the dental design software,which is to replicate the function of mechanical articulator and simulate static and dynamic occlusion.It makes treatment more convenient,accuract and efficient.OBJECTIVE:To review the recent progress in the field of operation and clinical application of multiple virtual articulators at home and abroad.METHODS:The first author searched the related literature,clinical cases and books by computer in domestic and foreign databases,and the related contents and opinions were summarized.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Although it has been studied for about 20 years,virtual articulator has not been widely applied because of technical sensitivity and high cost.(2)The transfer of articulator needs to scan the mandible model and record the mandibular movement relation.To define mandibular movement relation,average mandible parameters can be used,the ultrasonic sensor,photoelectric sensor,digital face bow or cone beam computed tomography for individualized records can also be used.(3)At present,virtual articulator has been used in fields of orthognathic surgery,temporomandibular joint disease,implant,and aesthetic repair.Comparative studies have shown that accuracy can meet clinical requirements and save time.However,differences between occlusal systems need to be detected.(4)Virtual articulator can save clinical operation time,improve accuracy,make up for the limitations of mechanical articulator,and has a wide range of application prospects.