从东亚视域看郑成功形象的“中华”意识之争

Controversies on the“Chinese”Consciousness of Koxinga’s Image in East Asian Perspective

本文分析郑成功在东亚区域的多元历史形象,并扣紧这些形象本身所带有的“中华意识”之课题,折射出这个“中华意识”既复杂又富辩证性的论争现象。本文发现在日本意向中的郑成功形象,有两个不同阶段,其一是殖民台湾前的江户日本及明治中期,具有“大和魂”精神的日本武士男儿形象,另一则是殖民台湾后将“延平郡王祠”改为“开山神社”,想要移转“中华心”成为“大和魂”形象。本文最后在结论中,指出处于诡谲变化的东亚局势中,如何找出一条东亚共性的沟通联系纽带,可从郑成功这位特具“东亚性”的历史人物找到借镜之策。

This paper analyzes the plural historical images of Koxinga in East Asia and deals deeply with the subjects surrounding the“Chinese consciousness”these images carry with themselves,reflecting the controversial phenomenon of the“Chinese consciousness,”intricate as well as dialectical.The image of Koxinga in the Japanese mind,this paper discovers,has at least two phases:first,from the Edo period to the middle reign of Meiji prior to colonial Taiwan,the image was symbolic of the manhood of Japanese Bushi with“Yamato-damashii”(Japanese spirit);second,with Taiwan under her rule,Japan deliberately endeavored to transform the image of the“Chinese mind”into that of“Yamato-damashii”by replacing the Koxinga Temple with the Kaishan Shrine.Nevertheless,this purpose of the colonial administration failed.Instead,it caused the outspread of the Chinese mind among Taiwan Residents.In conclusion,this paper points out how to seek a communicating bridge of East Asian commonness in the unpredictably ever-changing situation of East Asia.An instructive example,perhaps,lies in an East Asian historical character as Koxinga.