论近代应用佛学思潮——从梁启超与章太炎佛学救世思想之比较视角

In the Wave of"Applied-Buddhism"—A Comparison between Liang Qi-chao and Zhang Tai-yan on Thoughts of Buddhism-save-society

佛学在中国近代思想界占有重要地位,佛学救世是近代中国的一股思潮。本文选取梁启超、章太炎作为分析对象,试图通过对他们佛学救世思想的比较分析,揭示近代中国思想家如何从自身的思想背景和学术素养出发,选取与应用佛学。本文力图在分析过程中从更广泛的时空范围里去考察,将论题与弗兰西斯·培根、康德、桑塔耶那、马克斯·韦伯等近代西方相关思想家的思想相映照,希冀由此对整个近代中国应用佛学思潮,以及对梁启超章太炎佛学救世思想能有一个更清晰地把握和客观地评价。

Compartive method is used in research treatises.First,this article compares the thought of Liang Qichao with that of Zhang Tai-yan on Buddhism-save-society.It attempts to reveal how the thinkers adopt Buddhism and serve their political aims differently in the wave of applied-Buddhism.Second,it compares the thoughts of Liang and Zhang with those of George Santayana and Max Weber in order to comprehend the thoughts of Liang and Zhang better,and same to the whole trend of Buddhism-save-society thought.The author points out that Liang and Zhang showed different attitudes towards the applied-Buddhism owing to their different political stands,academic accomplishments and personalities.For example,they adopted different Buddhism and treated the problem of religion and philosophy differently,godliness and godlessness.The author also analyses the thoughts of Liang and Zhang on moral-save-society and,the relations between the thoughts on their moral-save-society and Buddhism-save-society.The modern times of China was when the thinkers were searching after truth for saving the country.At that time,it was the epoch of enlightenment.These made the thought of Buddhism-save-society appearing in modern China have dual significance.We must distinguish between them.It will be necessarily to do further research on the"applied-Buddhism".